《植物生理学报》 2009, 45(10): 953-957

温度、GA₃ 和乙烯对中国水仙休眠的解除

李小方*, 王洋, 邓新杰, 熊莉君, 吴瑕

华东师范大学生命科学学院, 上海200062

通信作者：李小方；E-mail: xfl i@bio.ecnu.edu.cn；Tel: 021-62233582

摘　要：

自然条件下, 4 月至7 月下旬期间, 中国水仙鳞茎的呼吸速率逐渐下降, 7 月底至8 月底开始上升之后又下降。30 ℃高 温下的鳞茎发芽延缓, 发芽率下降; 15 ℃低温有利于打破休眠, 7月下旬前的鳞茎, 其休眠解除所需的低温处理时间长, GA3 不能破除, 还延缓其休眠时间, 萌发率也下降; 而7月下旬后的鳞茎, 短时间低温或施用GA3均能破除其休眠, 提高鳞茎的发 芽率和发芽整齐度; 乙烯在任何阶段都有助于水仙鳞茎休眠的解除。自然条件下7月下旬前水仙鳞茎可能是内生休眠, 其 休眠较难打破, 需要长时间的低温或施用适当浓度的乙烯, 7月下旬后可能是环境休眠, 短时间的低温、GA3或乙烯都能破 除其休眠。

关键词：中国水仙; 鳞茎; 休眠; GA3; 乙烯; 温度

收稿：2009-06-02   修定：2009-08-19

资助：上海市基础研究重点项目(09JC1405100)和科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字2005 第1-2)。

Release of Temperature, GA₃ and Ethylene to the Dormancy of Chinese Narcissus (Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis Roem.)

LI Xiao-Fang*, WANG Yang, DENG Xin-Jie, XIONG Li-Jun, WU Xia

School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

Corresponding author: LI Xiao-Fang; E-mail: xfl i@bio.ecnu.edu.cn; Tel: 021-62233582

Abstract:

Under natural condition, the respiration rate of the three-year-old bulbs of Chinese narcissus (Narcissu stazetta var. chinensis) declined from April to July, began rise and then declined again from late July to late August. The bud sprouting was postponed and sprouting rate was reduced by high temperature such as 30 ℃. While, low temperature such as 15 ℃ was in favor of dormancy release. Continual low temperature treatment was needed for the bulbs dormancy breaking before late July, whereas shorter time was needed after that period. GA₃ had positive effects on the dormancy release of the bulbs only after late July. Certain concentration of ethylene treatment at any stage promoted the bud sprouting, which indicated ethylene is closed associated with the Chinese narcissus dormancy. The dormancy progression of Chinese narcissus could be divided into two stages—endormancy stage (before late July) and ecodormancy stage (after late July). The dormancy of ecodormancy stage is more easily broken by low temperature, GA₃ or ethylene.

Key words: Chinese narcissus; bulb; dormancy; GA₃; ethylene; temperature